Textile processing stages: from fiber to fabric
2025-04-09
(i) Spinning process (for staple fiber materials)
Carding and Drawing
Carding machine to further card fibers, remove short staple and impurities, forming uniform sliver; multiple sliver merging through the drawing machine to improve fiber parallelism.
Roughing and spinning
The roving machine pulls the cotton sliver thin and slightly twists it to make roving; the spinning machine pulls the roving thin to the target count (e.g., 60, 100) through high-speed rotation and applies the appropriate twist (the twist affects the feel and strength of the fabric).
Winding and Drawing (optional)
The winding machine winds the yarn into a cylinder to remove hairiness; if yarn strength is required (e.g. stranded yarn), several single yarns can be merged by the yarn merging machine.
(ii) Weaving process: forming the fabric structure
Weaving process (commonly used in bed sheets, curtains, etc.)
Warping: The cylinder yarns are arranged into warp yarn sheets according to the width of the fabric and wound on the warp beam (e.g. 1.8 meters bed sheet should correspond to the width of the warp beam).
Drawing-in: The warp yarns pass through the heald frames and reeds in accordance with the design pattern in preparation for weaving (the heald frames control the raising and lowering of the warp yarns to form the weft threads through the weaving shuttles).
Weaving: The loom interweaves the weft yarns with the warp yarns by means of the weft drawer (shuttle or rapier) to form the organizational structure of plain, twill and satin (e.g., the tribute satin fabric is a satin organization with a smooth surface).
Knitting process (common in towel, part of the blanket)
Through the circular or horizontal machine will be bent into a circle of yarn, string each other to form fabrics (such as towels terry structure through the special device of the knitting machine to form).
Non-woven process (for non-woven home textiles, e.g. tablecloths, rags)
Fibers are directly cemented through hot-melt, needling or chemical bonding without interweaving warp and weft (simple process, low cost).